Schools of Thought Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Schools of Thought Worksheet Essay General Terms Ecology is the science that studies living beings in relationship with biotic and abiotic environments. (Desjardins) Environmental Justice is being defined as a pursuit to equal justice and equal protection under the law for all statues and regulations without any type of discrimination based on socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and/ or race. (Rajzer, 1997) Environmental Science is a study on the interaction of living and non-living elements in the surrounding environment with emphasis on the impact of humans and these elements. (College) Ethics consists of the general beliefs, values, attitudes, or standards that guide to a responsible behavior. (Desjardins, Environmental Ethics) Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) are plants, animals, and other living things created through genetic engineering. It means they take the DNA from different species, plants, animals and create cross breading that in normal circumstances wouldn’t occur in nature or in traditional cross breeding. (Green America) Renewable Energy is a source of energy that flows from on-going natural processes such as wind, flowing water, geothermal heat flows, biological processes and most common solar energy. (Science Daily) Sustainability basically creates and helps maintain effective habitats in which people and nature can co-exist in a productive, fulfilling and social economic environment for this and future generations. (EPA) Schools of Thought Anthropocentrism is the philosophical belief that human beings are the central most significant creatures in the world. Biocentrism is the thought that every living creature is of equal value in this grand purpose of nature. Ecocentrism is a perspective view that places essential value on all living organisms and their natural habitat, unmindful of their recognized usefulness or importance to humans. Ecophilosophy is a combination of philosophy and ecology. Hedonism is the pursuit or devotion to pleasure, especially those of the senses. Inherent Value also referred to as intrinsic value to be recognized rather then given. Its value is in itself and not for just its uses. Materialism is a tendency to think and feel as if material objects/possessions are more important then spiritual values. Metaphysical Ecology is a philosophical ecology that has been passed from a concrete scientific conception of ecology in a narrow sense to abstract a philosophical conception of ecology using a philosophical sense of thinking. Minimalism is the act of keeping things or interest very simple. Ethical Extensionism is a disagreement in environmental ethics that good standing should be extended to things such as animals, plants, earth and species that normally are not thought of as having moral standings. Pluralism is a theory that states there is more than one basic principal or substance. Naturalism is the deception of the physical environment mainly the landscape or the rural environment. Pragmatism a philosophical movement or system having numerous forms, but usually underlining consequences as constituting the crucial criteria in determining the meaning, truth or value. Relativism a theory holding that criteria of judgment are relative, fluctuating with individuals and their environments. Utilitarianism an ethical doctrine value that virtue is based on utility and that conduct should be directed toward promoting the greatest happiness of the greatest number of people. The local environmental issue I am talking about is renewable energy. The two schools of thought I am going to associate that with is naturalism and materialism. This particular community issue is affecting us in a way our climate changes and how much pollution there is. The rising heat and temperatures we experience here have an affect on our environment. One  article said that our temperature have increased by approximately 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit since the early twentieth century. (Pollution Green Energy) Our sea levels have risen at an accelerating rate of about 3.5 mm/year. (Pollution Green Energy) In order to preserve our natural community I feel we need to start thinking green. Speaking as a minimalist, I am all for going green and help protecting our environment. If we as responsible adults don’t teach our children and grandchildren about pollution and the effects of it how will this world be in another twenty years? I am twenty-seven and I can see how much change m y community has gone through. I remember as a kid walking to my grandmother’s house and looking down seeing nothing but pollution and trash all over the ground. The naturalist are all for keeping a clean and safe environment. Using renewable energy we can go green and start making plants and crops that are better for you and not full of chemicals. They believe that with using energy efficient appliances and even vehicles will in the long run help the community with this major energy problem we have. The materialistic people in my opinion don’t really care about preserving energy and not really care about the gas that pollutes our air. One of the biggest forms of pollution is from non-renewable gasses, which is a major cause for global warming. Ethically speaking the naturalist are trying to help better the community by having state and local leaders imply more sources of renewable energy sources for our use. The materialistic people can and probably will go on what ever is popular at the time. One of the biggest ethical and even materialistic concerns is the amount of money taxpayers, local and state legislatures will have to spend to add more solar paneled farms and streetlights. Ethics has influenced our way of thinking because the pros for renewable energy will do so good for not only our community but for our world as a whole; where as the pros for non-renewable energy benefit the need for having things done in the â€Å"now†. The biggest con for renewable energy is the cost and getting more people to believe that it can and will help our community. At the end of the day sit down and think about which option is better for our community. Should we spend the money to provide more useable renewable energy sources or continue to provide non-renewable energy sources that can harm our community and our future generations to come? (Conserve Energy Future)

What Is Art :: essays research papers

Tolstoy wrote, in What is Art? â€Å" If a man is infected by the author’s condition of soul, if he feels this emotion and this union with others, then the object which has effected this is art: but if there be no such infection, if there be not this union with the same author and others who are moved by the same work-then it is not art?â€Å" â€Å"The Death of Ivan Ilych† is art by this criteria. Tolstoy’s writing keeps my attention throughout â€Å"The Death of Ivan Ilych† and awakens my soul. I have never read any literature of Leo Tolstoy, and I could not walk away from the story, I wondered what happened next. It makes me realize how important life is to be treated. This work of art expresses to me Tolstoy’s views on life and death. The short story gives examples of how a person can live life the wrong way. In reading the â€Å"The Death of Ivan Ilych†, many feelings stir up inside me because I can relate his experience with my grandfather that died of cirrhosis of the liver. Tolstoy reaches the soul because he describes Ivan’s life occurrence through his spiritual revelation. He observed a heartbreaking death of his brother. In reading, â€Å"The Death of Ivan Ilych† Tolstoy portrays Ivan as a thoughtless and selfish man. I see Ivan as a frightened individual; afraid of what life has to offer. â€Å"Ivan experienced happiness only in his childhood† (Tolstoy 1179). He decides to go to the School of Law. He marries because he feels it is right not because he is in love, and his peers approve. I feel for Ivan because everyone knows that a person cannot be happy if one marries for the reasons Ivan did. After all, should not the basis of a marriage be love? Love brings happiness to our lives. Ivan does not have the happiness that love could bring. I get the impression that Ivan does not receive much love throughout his life; which makes it very hard to show love for his wife. He is incapable of loving someone because he does not know how to love. Ivan does try to give these things to his family. However, He tries to impress his colleagues. Ivan decorates his house with antiques, carefully scrutinizing as a means to pretend to have money. Ivan begins to focus on his career because of his unhappiness at home.

Inductive & Deductive Research Approach

INDUCTIVE & DEDUCTIVE RESEARCH APPROACH BY: MOHD TAJUDIN B JAMALUDIN Contents ? Definition ? Methods ? Inductive teaching ? deductive teaching ? Examples of inductive & deductive ? Advantages ? Disadvantages ? Conclusion Definition ? INDUCTIVE: Inductive teaching (also called discovery teaching or inquiry teaching) is based on the claim that knowledge is build primarily from a learner’s experiences and interactions with phenomena. Definition ? DEDUCTIVE Deductive teaching (also called direct instruction) is much less â€Å"constructively† and is based on the idea that a highly structured presentation of content reates optimal learning for students. Research Methods In research, we often refer to the two broad methods of reasoning as the deductive and inductive approaches. Research Types Deductive Approach Inductive Approach Inductive Research Approach THEORY TENTATIVE HYPOTHESIS Hill Climbing PATTERN Observations †¢ Inductive reasoning works the other way, moving f rom specific observations to broader generalizations and theories. †¢ Informally,, we sometimes call this a â€Å"bottom upâ€Å" approach †¢ Conclusion is likely based on premises. †¢ Involves a degree off uncertainty Deductive Research Approach Deductive reasoning works from the more general to the more specific. ? Sometimes this is informally called a â€Å"top-downâ€Å" approach. ? Conclusion follows logically from premises (available facts) THEORY HYPOTHESIS Waterfall OBSERVATIO N CONFIRMATI ON Inductive teaching ? An instructor using an inductive approach begins by exposing students to a concrete instance, or instances, of a concept . ? The teacher’s role is to create the opportunities and the context in which students can successfully make the appropriate generalizations, and to guide students necessary. Deductive Teaching ? .The instructor using a deductive approach typically presents a general concept by first defining it and then providing exampl es or illustrations that demonstrate the idea. ? Students are given opportunities to practice, with instructor guidance and feed back. Example of Inductive Teaching Using the grammar situation, the teacher would present the students with a variety of examples for a given concept without giving any introduction about how the concept is used. As students see how the concept is used, it is hoped that they will notice how the concept is to be used and determine the grammar rule.As a conclusion to the activity, the teacher can ask the students to explain the grammar rule as a final check that they understand the concept. Example of Deductive Teaching A deductive approach to instruction is a more teacher-centered approach. This means that the teacher gives the students a new concept, explains it, and then has the students practice using the concept. For example, when teaching a new grammar concept, the teacher will introduce the concept, explain the rules related to its use, and finally t he students will practice using the concept in a variety of different ways.Advantages ? Inductive ? Students may draw approaches ? Inductive approach can increase the creativity ? Inductive approach showed better long-term retention ability ? Meet the challenges of the new world Advantages ? Deductive ? Some educators have suggested that deductive teaching can be critically important for students with learning disabilities ? Some learn best through a deductive approach. ? Deductive learners like to have the general principles identified Disadvantages ? INDUCTIVE: ? . Students may draw other meaning from the examples ? The inductive approach may also take more time nd be less â€Å"efficient† then a deductive approach ? certain ideas do not lend themselves easily to an inductive-teaching Disadvantages ? DEDUCTIVE ? It doesn’t allow for divergent student thinking. ? It also doesn’t emphasize students reasoning and problem solving. ? Deductive approach can not incr ease the creativities. CONCLUSION ? Both deductive and inductive teaching approaches should be included in all courses. ? Each offers advantages to students with different learning strengths and motivations. ? Varying the approach to teaching content can help to reach diverse learning needs.

What Is The Categorisation Of Preparation Of Synthesis Of...

Categorisation of Synthesis of evidence of quantitative studies Treatment aspects: The clinical trial of Ferreira et al. (2013) identified that therapeutic relationship was more strongly influenced patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) who had received spinal manipulative therapy or exercise therapy than patient received motor control exercise. Chronic neck pain patient received the traditional bone setting technique (TBS) (which is a soft manual mobilization technique focusing on the muscles, joints, and ligaments) showed better therapeutic interaction than patient received conventional physiotherapy or massage (Zaproudina et al. 2007). Chronic low back pain patients received conventional physiotherapy treatment plus motivational†¦show more content†¦2014, Ferraria et al. 2013). Expectancy: Two clinical trials explored the relationship between enhanced therapeutic relationship and patient expectancy in CLBP patients (Ferriera et al. 2013, Vong et al. 2011). The study of Ferriera et al. (2013) identified that enhanced therapeutic relationship in chronic low back pain patients is associated with a slight increase in their expectancy. However, the study of Vong et al. (2011) identified that there was no significant relationship between patient expectancies and therapeutic relationship in chronic low back pain patients. On the basis of the findings from these clinical trials it is clear that the relationship between enhanced therapeutic relationship and patient expectancy in CLBP patients is a conflicting evidence. Synthesis of Qualitative studies Communication: All the four qualitative studies explained various aspects of communication between patient and therapist. Especially the importance of verbal communication, active listening and visual aids were mentioned as the contributors of patient -therapist interaction. Two selected qualitative studies explained about the influence of visual aids (May 2001 and Cooper et al. 2008).These two studies suggest that use of chart, diagrams, models and written form of information may help to develop a better patient-therapist interaction. However, the study ofShow MoreRelatedApproaches to Organisation and Management19498 Words   |  78 Pages2 APPROACHES  TO  ORGANISATION  AND MANAGEMENT Organisational  behaviour  is  a  discursive  subject  and  much has  been  written  about  it.  The  study  of  organisations  and management  has  therefore  to  proceed  on  a  broad  front.  It  is the  comparative  study  of  the  different  approaches  that  will  yield benefits  to  the  manager.  The  study  of  organisations,  their  structure and  management  is  important  for  the  manager.  Identification  of major  trends  in  management  and  organisational  behaviour,  and the  work  of  leading  writersRead MoreResearch Proposal in Tqm8723 Words   |  35 Pagesobjectives of the study determined at the early stages of the research are included in the design to ensure that the information collected is appropriate to solve the problem. The researcher faces a number of crucial design choices. These can be summarised in a categorisation of research design types. Some major ones are: ââ€" ª Experiment ââ€" ª Survey ââ€" ª Case study ââ€" ª Grounded theory ââ€" ª Ethnography ââ€" ª Action research ââ€" ª Cross section and longitudinal studies ââ€" ª ExploratoryRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 PagesAcknowledgements Introduction Using this Manual Planning Your Approach Designing the Teaching Scheme A Guide to Using the Work Assignments A Guide to Using the Case Studies Strategy Lenses The Exploring Strategy Website A Guide to Using the Video Material Exploring Strategy Teachers’ Workshops Teaching Notes for Student Work Assignments Case Study Teaching Notes 6 7 8 8 12 19 20 25 27 27 28 28 29 Chapters 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Introducing Strategy The Environment Strategic